IMPROVED BRAKING SYSTEM IN KARTING VEHICLES

INTRODUCTION

  Its an idea to improve the braking system of the karting vehicles popularly known as GO KARTS. These are commercial non differential low ground clearance vehicles used for racing purpose. The main disadvantage of the vehicle is braking system. The reason is because of the low ground clearance disc brakes of larger size cannot be used and because of that braking torque decreases and the efficiency also decreases.   

  It is about increasing the efficiency of braking in  racing vehicles by changing the size and position of mounting of brake disc on another axle by reducing the rpm of the mounting axle and by without altering the rpm of the live axle of the vehicle. We are using bevel gears for this.

BRAKES

  —  Bakes are generally used to stop the moving vehicles.

—  Here we made a change in the mounting and positioning of a disc brake system.

—  Disc brakes are the most commonly used braking system in many racing vehicles.

DISADVANTAGE IN NORMAL MOUNTING

—                   In normal mounting the brake disc should be less than the size of the hub.

—  In case of racing cars the normal size of the tire is small and the size of the hub is smaller than that.

—  Because of that the effective radius decreases and also the efficiency of the brake also decreases.

ADVANTAGE OF ALTERNATE MOUNTING:

—  In case of alternate mounting we can change the mounting according to our requirement and the size of the disc can be kept as per our wish.

—  So it overcomes the disadvantages faced by smaller discs.

—  The effective radius of the disc also gets increased and there is a better change in braking efficiency.

NORMAL MOUNTING:

—  Disc brakes are normally mounted on the live axle of the vehicles and the brake lining will be like shown.

ALTERNATE MOUNTING:

       In alternate mounting we are using bevel gears for transmission. Thus we are making a perpendicular transmission from the live axle. By this method we would be able to put a disc of larger size and the rpm can also be reduced as per our requirement. We have kept the gear ratio as 2.

BRAKE LINING:

SPECIFICATION OF NORMAL AND ALTERNATE MOUNTING:

NORMAL:

Brakes                             =     Rear disc brake

Caliper used                    =     Fixed caliper

Rotor disc  diameter       =     158.75 mm

Weight of the vehicle      =     200 kg

C.O.G . height                  =      76.2 mm

Wheel base                        =      1670  mm

Weight transfer  to front =      90N

ALTERNATE:

Brakes                             =     Rear disc brake

Caliper used                    =     Fixed caliper

Rotor disc  diameter       =     304.8mm

Weight of the vehicle      =     200 kg

C.O.G . height                  =      76.2 mm

Wheel base                        =      1670  mm

Weight transfer  to front =      110N

     

TABULAR COLUMN

S.NO	VELOCITY	STOPPING DISTANCE	MASTER CYLINDER PRESSURE	BRAKING TORQUE	BRAKING FORCE	DECELERATION	PEDAL FORCE	STOPPING DISTANCE
UNIT	m/s	m	N/mm²	N-m	N	m/s²	N	m
				NORMAL
1	80	6.347	4.325	110.79	793.098	3.965	25	5.603
2	80	4.533	6.056	155.114	1110.23	5.551	35	4.002
				ALTERNATE
1	80	6.347	4.325	575.284	4138.751	20.693	0.27	0.8304
2	80	4.533	6.056	805.401	5794.25	28.97	0.30	0.69304

GRAPHS FOR NORMAL BRAKING:

GRAPHS FOR ALTERNATE MOUNTING:

ANALYSIS REPORT

Factor of safety – 3

Torque- 8.1kNm

Rpm-7000 to 3000

Stress applied-500N

CONCLUSION:

                   These reports prove that the design is safe and hence we can get a good braking efficiency by this method. Thus we improved the braking in less ground clearance vehicle by this method.